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The Resource A study of innovation and patenting in the life sciences, by Kenneth A. Zahringer

A study of innovation and patenting in the life sciences, by Kenneth A. Zahringer

Creator
Author
Contributor
Summary
This dissertation examines some of the economic issues surrounding patenting by smaller life science firms. In this context patents are viewed as firm assets that have a value separate from the patented innovation itself, derived from rents that accrue to the monopoly rights granted by the patent. Patents also have costs associated with their acquisition, including legal and patent office fees as well as the time and effort required to move them through the process from application to granted status. The first essay investigates one facet of the cost of patent acquisition, pendency time. Patents which take longer to be granted can place a higher cost on the applicant firm, in the form of foregone revenues, as well as on society, as longer pendency slows the rate of innovation and creates uncertainty for other innovators. Much research in this area concentrates on the influence of patent characteristics on pendency. This essay uses a more comprehensive model that also includes the experience and interests of three stakeholders in the patenting process: applicants, their attorneys, and patent examiners. I find that applicant behavior is a significant factor in longer pendency. This suggests that pendency offers benefits to the applicant, including the aforementioned uncertainty on the part of potential competitors and more time to assess the nature and value of the invention and tailor the patent to market conditions. The second essay turns to the subject of patent value, and examines the relationship between academic science and industrial innovation. Knowledge from academic science can be an important input for innovation in the life sciences. Previous research has described the impact of science intensity, defined as the number of scientific references in the patent, on patent value Scientific knowledge is not homogeneous, though, any more than are the patents that make use of it. Variations in quality may have a separate influence. Here I develop a novel measure of the quality of the scientific references in granted patents, augmenting previous research mainly concerned with the quantity of scientific references. I find that higher quality science is significantly related to patents of greater technological importance and thus overall value. The third essay is concerned with how the value of patents changes over the course of a technology life cycle. Previous studies of value and pendency have reached conflicting conclusions based on whether technology position was included. This essay uses patents related to polymerase chain reaction technology to trace changes in value and the pace of change, as well as other patent characteristics, over a technology cycle. I find that patent value and the pace of technological change both change non-linearly over the cycle. The results suggest that these two factors may interact such that during periods of rapid technological change shorter pendency is in the applicant's interest, while longer pendency may be preferred during periods of slower change
Language
eng
Work
Publication
Extent
1 online resource (ix, 121 pages)
Note
  • "A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School University of Missouri -- Columbia In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy."
  • Dissertation supervisor: Dr. Nicholas Kalaitzandonakes
  • Includes vita
Instance
Label
A study of innovation and patenting in the life sciences
Title
A study of innovation and patenting in the life sciences
Statement of responsibility
by Kenneth A. Zahringer
Creator
Contributor
Author
Thesis advisor
Subject
Genre
Language
eng
Summary
This dissertation examines some of the economic issues surrounding patenting by smaller life science firms. In this context patents are viewed as firm assets that have a value separate from the patented innovation itself, derived from rents that accrue to the monopoly rights granted by the patent. Patents also have costs associated with their acquisition, including legal and patent office fees as well as the time and effort required to move them through the process from application to granted status. The first essay investigates one facet of the cost of patent acquisition, pendency time. Patents which take longer to be granted can place a higher cost on the applicant firm, in the form of foregone revenues, as well as on society, as longer pendency slows the rate of innovation and creates uncertainty for other innovators. Much research in this area concentrates on the influence of patent characteristics on pendency. This essay uses a more comprehensive model that also includes the experience and interests of three stakeholders in the patenting process: applicants, their attorneys, and patent examiners. I find that applicant behavior is a significant factor in longer pendency. This suggests that pendency offers benefits to the applicant, including the aforementioned uncertainty on the part of potential competitors and more time to assess the nature and value of the invention and tailor the patent to market conditions. The second essay turns to the subject of patent value, and examines the relationship between academic science and industrial innovation. Knowledge from academic science can be an important input for innovation in the life sciences. Previous research has described the impact of science intensity, defined as the number of scientific references in the patent, on patent value Scientific knowledge is not homogeneous, though, any more than are the patents that make use of it. Variations in quality may have a separate influence. Here I develop a novel measure of the quality of the scientific references in granted patents, augmenting previous research mainly concerned with the quantity of scientific references. I find that higher quality science is significantly related to patents of greater technological importance and thus overall value. The third essay is concerned with how the value of patents changes over the course of a technology life cycle. Previous studies of value and pendency have reached conflicting conclusions based on whether technology position was included. This essay uses patents related to polymerase chain reaction technology to trace changes in value and the pace of change, as well as other patent characteristics, over a technology cycle. I find that patent value and the pace of technological change both change non-linearly over the cycle. The results suggest that these two factors may interact such that during periods of rapid technological change shorter pendency is in the applicant's interest, while longer pendency may be preferred during periods of slower change
Cataloging source
MUU
http://library.link/vocab/creatorName
Zahringer, Kenneth A
Degree
Ph. D.
Dissertation note
Thesis
Dissertation year
2014.
Government publication
government publication of a state province territory dependency etc
Granting institution
University of Missouri--Columbia
Illustrations
illustrations
Index
no index present
Literary form
non fiction
Nature of contents
  • dictionaries
  • bibliography
  • theses
http://library.link/vocab/relatedWorkOrContributorDate
1960-
http://library.link/vocab/relatedWorkOrContributorName
Kalaitzandonakes, Nicholas G.
Label
A study of innovation and patenting in the life sciences, by Kenneth A. Zahringer
Instantiates
Publication
Note
  • "A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School University of Missouri -- Columbia In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy."
  • Dissertation supervisor: Dr. Nicholas Kalaitzandonakes
  • Includes vita
Bibliography note
Includes bibliographical references (pages 108-119)
Carrier category
online resource
Carrier category code
  • cr
Carrier MARC source
rdacarrier
Content category
text
Content type code
  • txt
Content type MARC source
rdacontent
Control code
985361526
Extent
1 online resource (ix, 121 pages)
Form of item
online
Media category
computer
Media MARC source
rdamedia
Media type code
  • c
Other physical details
illustrations
Specific material designation
remote
System control number
(OCoLC)985361526
Label
A study of innovation and patenting in the life sciences, by Kenneth A. Zahringer
Publication
Note
  • "A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School University of Missouri -- Columbia In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy."
  • Dissertation supervisor: Dr. Nicholas Kalaitzandonakes
  • Includes vita
Bibliography note
Includes bibliographical references (pages 108-119)
Carrier category
online resource
Carrier category code
  • cr
Carrier MARC source
rdacarrier
Content category
text
Content type code
  • txt
Content type MARC source
rdacontent
Control code
985361526
Extent
1 online resource (ix, 121 pages)
Form of item
online
Media category
computer
Media MARC source
rdamedia
Media type code
  • c
Other physical details
illustrations
Specific material designation
remote
System control number
(OCoLC)985361526

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